Louis jacques henri cellerier



TATES iarnnir Urrcn.

LOUIS JACQUES HENRI CELLI IRIER, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

PROCESS OF CARBON PHOTOGRAPHY FOR COLORED IMPRESSIONS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 335,893, dated Pebruary 9, 1886,

Application filed May 9, 1885. Serial No. 164,958. (No specimens.) Patented in France April 21, 1885, No. 166,414.

To (ZZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LOUIS JACQUES HENRI OELLERIER, chemist and photographer, of Paris, France, have invented a Process of Carbon Photography for Colored Impressions,

graphic impressions.

My process enables a comparativelygreater amount of work to be performed in a given time than could be done by ordinary black photography, and at the same time, without any increased expense, as fine an appearance to be given to the portraits as black photography could possiblyimpart to the same, by adding thereto a variety of novel shades and colors, and thus making them more closely resemble life.

My process consists of the following three distinct constitutive operations or stages, viz: first, the simple application of colors, without any form,shades, or artistic distribution, either by hand with a brush or by chromo -1ithographic impression,upon a sheet of paper prepared by a peculiar process, presently to be described, the only guide in this operation being an ordinary positive photographic plate, from which the object to be reproduced in colors is taken by either transparency or refiection in any well-known manner; second, the formation, quiteirrespectively of the operation just described,of the desired image in the shape of a transparent film by a colorless photographic impression, only producing all the soft forms, shades, or half-shades of the object photographed; and, third, the juxtaposition, superposition, or close union of the results of the two foregoing operations.

I shall now more particularly describe the manner in which I carry out each one of the three stages constituting my improved process of photography.

First stage-J prepare beforehand from the sitter or object to be reproduced an ordinary positive photographic plate upon either glass or paper. I then arrange in front of such photographic plate, so as to obtain a likeness all the operator has to do is to follow the outlines of the transparent or reflected image without any regard to the shades thereof.

When all the required colors are thus applied in plain stains, I fix them by means of a bath made of two hundred grams of alcohol at 40 and fifty grams of acetic acid.

It will be understood that when it will be required to obtain for the trade a great number of copies of the same object by my pro cess I may, instead of applying the plain stains of colors by hand upon the sensitive paper prepared as described, employ for the same purpose the usual process of chromolithography.

Second stage.-This operation may be performed simultaneously with the first-that is to say, quite irrespectively of the latter. Itake the negative platewhich served before for the obtainment of the positive representation employed in the first stage, and I print from such negative plate by means of ordinary photographic frames a positive proof, without argentate, upon a sheet of carbon paper specially prepared for the purposes of my invention, with only half the coloring-matter usually employed for the impression of very hard plates, or only one-third of the usual amount of coloring-matter for light negative plates. atory to this operation the paper should, however, be made sensitive by means of bichromate of potash or of ammonia, used at the rate of, say, four per cent. I then finish the image against a very fine mirror, which I before polish or coat with collodiou, and submit to Prepar- Upon the the action of water heated to 40 or 50 centigrade, and constantly renewed. Such development of the portraitagainst a mirror of a fine quality, and prepared in the peculiar manner 3' ust described, is to enable the portrait or image subsequently to be transferred in the shape of a very thin film over the colored silhouette resulting from the first stage of the process,as described. The mirror, having the image thus developed upon it, is now exposed to the action of a bath composed of about ten parts of purified alcohol and about six parts of water. With a View to assist desiccation, I pour upon the mirrori. 6., the image-a layer of gelatine-say ten per cent-and leave it till I it is completelydry. This layer of gelatine is necessary, because in the operation which will follow in the third stage of my process, and cause the image to adhere closely to the paper prepared in the first stage, it will enable the said image to come off from the mirror,which is merely its transient vehicle, with its slightest half -shades, which without the gelatine would be impossible.

Third stage.1 now apply with a mathematical preciseness the result of the second stage upon the result of the first stage, so that the photograph obtained in the second stage may exactly coincide with the colored silhouette produced by the first stage. The two copies being thus brought into close contact, the fine mirror, having the result of the second stage upon it, is allowed to become perfectly dry. After a few hours I thus obtain a representation of the sitter or object most closely resembling life, with a true and complete variety of colors. The portrait thus produced is truly artistic, its exceeding liveliness and brilliancy resulting more especially from the low percentage of colors used on the carbon paper in the second stage for the obtainnient of the photographic film with the required transparency, form, and shade. The proofs obtained by the operations herein described are then fixed and rendered unchangeable for the trade by means of a bath containing five per cent. of alum. Afteraslight washing such plain or flat stains or tints by hand with abrush or otherwise; second, printing the ob ject (irrespective of the first step) from a negative photographic plate upon a sheet of carbon paper prepared. substantially in the man ner described, then transferring the object thus produced onto a collodion film, and then applying a layer of gelatine thereto; and, third, in applying the colored copy of the first step upon the gelatine film of the second step, so that the outlines of the two exactly coincide, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification before two subscribing witnesses.

LOUIS JACQUES HENRI CELLERIER.

Witnesses:

DAVID T. S. FULLER, ALBERT OAHEN. 

